Archery Toolkit

Arrow & Pine Archery LLC

RANGEENERGY (ft-lbs)GAME RATING
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Calculations assume standard drag for hunting fletching.

RANGEMOMENTUM (slug-fps)GAME RATING
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Higher momentum equals deeper penetration. Calculations assume standard drag.

Plan your build: Enter your shaft specs and component weights below to calculate your exact finished arrow weight and estimated FOC.
Total Weight
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Est. FOC
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FOC is mathematically estimated based on standard component placement. Use the FOC tab to measure a physical arrow.

Front of Center
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Measure length from nock throat to the end of the shaft (excluding point).

How to measure: Have a friend measure from the tip of your left middle finger to the tip of your right middle finger across your back.
Estimated Draw Length
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Final draw length should always be verified by a technician.

Understanding Let-Off: Modern cams reduce the weight you must hold at full draw, allowing you to aim longer and more steadily.
Holding Weight at Full Draw
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The Rule of 3: For every 3 grains added, you lose roughly 1 FPS. Enter a negative number (e.g., -25) to calculate removing weight.
Estimated New Speed
0 FPS
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Why it matters: Shooting an arrow that is too light transfers excess energy back into the bow, acting like a dry-fire.
Absolute Minimum Weight
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Calculated using the strict IBO standard of 5 grains per pound of draw weight.

Kinetic Energy vs. Momentum: The Breakdown

Kinetic Energy (KE) measures the total energy released at impact. Because the mathematical formula squares the speed, an ultra-light, fast arrow will generate an artificially high KE number. They hit hard but shed that energy violently upon impact, which can limit deep penetration.

  • Under 25 ft-lbs: Small Game
  • 25 - 41.9 ft-lbs: Deer & Antelope
  • 42 - 64.9 ft-lbs: Elk & Black Bear
  • 65+ ft-lbs: Dangerous Game

Momentum measures an arrow's resistance to stopping. Mass and speed are treated equally, meaning you cannot inflate the number with speed alone. When you hit dense shoulder bone on heavy game, a heavier arrow with high momentum acts like a freight train, continually driving forward to ensure a clean pass-through.

  • Under 0.40 slug-fps: Small/Medium Game
  • 0.40 - 0.54 slug-fps: Deer & Antelope
  • 0.55 - 0.64 slug-fps: Elk & Moose
  • 0.65+ slug-fps: Heavy/Dangerous Game